Sound profiles of gravitational wave-induced phonons in Bose-Einstein condensates
Abstract
The effects of gravitational waves on Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) can be a viable test bed for examining how gravity couples with quantum matter. Recent proposals to build gravitational wave (GW) detectors using BECs show that phonons are created within the quantum fluid due to the spacetime distortions produced by a gravitational wave. Modeling the BEC fluid as a massive scalar field, we derive the dynamical equations for the sound modes propagating within the fluid. We use this to obtain sound wave profiles corresponding to the phonons produced inside the BEC due to its interaction with gravitational waves. Using the obtained wave profiles, we construct the Bose fluid's frequency response curve due to gravitational perturbation and find that the system exhibits resonance.
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