Assessment of the effects of pelletization in faunal remains of a common domesticated pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) using LIBS

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of pelletization on the Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) response of faunal bone remains from a domesticated pig (Sus scrofa domesticus). Rib and spine samples were analyzed in both compact and pelletized forms under identical laser conditions. The spectra revealed strong Ca and P emissions, along with trace elements such as Mg, Na, Zn, Sr, K, and Mn. Plasma temperatures were determined using Ca I emission lines through Boltzmann plot analysis. Pelletized samples consistently exhibited lower plasma temperatures than compact samples, while spine samples showed higher temperatures and elemental ratios than rib samples. Analysis of relative elemental ratios further showed decreases in P/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios after pelletization, accompanied by stronger Ca I and weaker Ca II emissions. These results indicate that pelletization alters plasma formation through changes in density and surface homogeneity, significantly affecting the resulting LIBS spectra. This work also provides an initial LIBS reference for the faunal remains of local domesticated pigs.