Effects of PbO on the electrical properties of ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3 varistor ceramics
Abstract
The effects of lead oxide (PbO) on the grains and electrical characteristics of ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3 varistor ceramics were studied in this paper. PbO was added to the ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3 system in varying concentrations of 1 mol%, 5 mol% and 10 mol%. Doping with PbO has the following effect on the samples: 1) increased the grain size of the material, 2) decreased the conductivity of the upturn regions of the samples, 3) decreased the nonlinear region of the varistors, 4) increased the nonlinear coefficient and breakdown voltage of the samples.