Jamming of hard spheres in a 2D hopper
Abstract
We study the jamming of the flow of hard spheres in a 2D hopper and we reconstruct numerically experimental results by adjusting simple agent-based rules. The dependence of the jamming probability on the properties of the spheres (diameter of the spheres, D) and of the hopper (angle of inclination of hopper with respect to the horizontal, θ, and width of tube, d) is investigated. Small acrylic spheres exhibited the same step function relative to large acrylic spheres for the jamming probability with onset of jamming shifted to the right. Further investigation showed that jamming probability is dependent on the ratio d/D as shown in the results for both large and small acrylic spheres. Moreover, as θ of the hopper increases, number of jamming incidence decreases. Also, as d of the hopper increases, the number of jamming incidence decreases.