Electrochemical deposition of Pb-doped Bi-Sr-Ca-CuO films
Abstract
Pb-doped BSCCO superconducting films were prepared on Ag electrode in a three-electrode cell containing nitrates of Bi, Pb, Sr, Ca and Cu dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide). The deposited films were dried and subjected to heat treatment. SEM analysis showed the formation of randomly oriented plate-like and bar-like structures that can be attributed to the low-Tc phase and high-Tc phase, respectively. These were observed in films prepared in 0.2 Pb concentrations. Melted and step-like growths were found in films with 0.2 and 0.8 Pb concentrations. Pinholes, cracks and impurities were also present. Spaces between plate-like structures of the films became denser as the Pb concentration increased. Definite relationship between film thickness and deposition time could not be determined because of the falling off of the films when they were being retrieved from the electrochemical cell. Films prepared with x = 0.4 content showed negative Pb. Some films exhibited 2212 and 2201 phases in varying composition. X-ray diffraction analysis showed a combination of 2201, 2212 and 2223. The highest number of 2223 peaks was found for x = 0.2 and x = 0.4. Electrical resistivity measurements indicated transition temperatures from 81K to 123K. Those that had 0.2 and 0.4 Pb concentrations had a single phase with Tc onset of 116K and 110K, respectively. Films with 0.6 Pb concentrations had two-phase transitions, 80K and 123K, while 0.8 Pb concentrations had 81K.